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Myths, Stories and Legends

CONTENTS

Sheepsop's (Aesop's) Fables

Story from Indonesia

Tales from Russia

Bishop Gramat - Poland
How Princess Wanda Saved Cracow - Poland
The Three Brothers - Poland
The story about Persefony - Greece
The man who conforted the hearts - Poland
The Legend of Sumgayit - Azerbaijan
Daedalus and Icaros - Greece
A Wild Animal In the Dark: ‘Minotavros’ - Greece
The Dragon of Cracow - Greece
The Legend of Shimabara`s Earthquakes - Japan
The legend of Saint Kinga - Poland

 

Sheepsop's (Aesop's) Fables

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Stories from Indonesia

My students made it in term III this school year (2005-2006). They made it in English, you know it is amazing work and amazing imajination ....................   Sopyan

The Murder in PARIS             by Rildi
A man name Mr. Greoger was the kind people and patient people lived in America. He's now is the detective who had a job to find a murder. SO, one day a president came to Mr. Greoger house. The President was very wise, ask Mr. Greoger to find George.
George is a bad guy. George already killed 10 people in U.S.A But he is hiding in Paris. He already kills people because George child hood his parents were killed by people and his house was also burned. So, he killed the people who burned his house and killed his parents. 
So, that's why the president chose Greoger for this conflict. He's friend's are DR.005 , the kind and the cool man, the police, Knuckles the cool man, and Bond the kind man.
So, George went to the U.S Palace to prepare and go to Paris. But, before that he wanted to go to his mother's  house to say good bye. Then he directly went to Paris.
In Paris, he met Dr. 005 in the airport. The other, is waiting at the Grand Monster hotel. So , Greoger and Dr. 005 directly went to the hotel.
In the Hotel Mr. Greoger met his friends. Then, they eat together also in Mc Donn Restaurant. Dr. 005 said that Mc Doon Restaurant is the best in Paris
When they ate the food, they also discuses about George conflict. Actually Mr. Greoger don't like this conflict because this conflict was about a murder. Actually Mr. Greoger dream was going to be a bussiness man. But, that dream was not came true
So, until now Mr. Greoger be a Detective. Mr. Greoger also get support from his Mother. Mr. Greoger being a Detective just to keep Mr. Greoger's family happy. Because his mother wanted Greoger to be a small dectactive.
After they ate ,they went backto the hotel to took a rest
Next day, he started the exploration. Everyone has they're own task. Dr. 005 will be the spy man, Bond will control Dr. 005, the Police will be the shooting man, and the last Knuckles will control the Police. If, Mr.Greoger he'll go to the France Kingdom to find out France was in danger.
When the President know there's a danger in France, the president tought the assistant to tell the police department to
Catch the murder
C'mon, c'mon we have to catches the murder I hope you all will catches the Murder "okay!!!!!"  said the assistant."okay!!!" said the police so, the police also helped MR.Greoger conflict.
"AAAAAAA!!! No!!! hey you George I'll tell to my dad". "hahahaha if you tell your dad I killed you now eat this" Said George. Now, George Killed people again. This is the biggest news. The News still in "Buletin Siang,Sergap,Patroli, Head line News, Cakrawala, liputan 6 SCTV, Reportase. This News already spread until around the world. The suspect definetly George the Murder. All people around the world already know that a gaeorge the murder was the bad bad people on the world. All people around agreed if Police Department from around the world try to find out where's George.
Now, Mr. Greoger have to find the data that is Important for Mr.Greoger. The Data is for finding George. He get the Data from the US President. The President will came to the France kingdom to see the Data. Mr. Greoger will Explore at night 12pm is in the Midnight. Before that they will drink a coffee extra not sleep to keep them a wake in the night. Mr. Greoger love to drink a coffee. He think that drink coffee is the best. Mr. Greoger love it.
After drank the coffee, finally the Peresident came to bring the Data. Mr. Greoger was very happy. So,
Mr. Greoger directly ask Mr.
President like this "Mr. President where's the data?"
Ok now I'll gave you the data and I hope you will Finish your job very fast like a Hurricane. And please take care of your Health until you found and killed George.
Now is the final night for them. They Will find George.
They read the data. George was in the warehouse based on the data they will cached him when George sleep ======================================
to be continued...

 

 

Tales from Russia

Колобок

The Bin

Жил-был старик со старухою. Просит старик:
-Испеки, старуха, колобок.
-Из чего печь-то? Муки нету.
-Э-эх, старуха! По коробу поскреби, по сусеку помети, авось муки и наберется.
Взяла старуха крылышко, по коробу поскребла. по сусеку помела, и набралось муки пригорошни с две.

Once there lived an old man and old woman.The old man said,
"Old woman, bake me a bun."
"What can I make it from? I have no flour." "Eh, eh, old woman! Scrape the cupboard, sweep the flour bin, and you will find enough flour."
The old woman picked up a duster, scraped the cupboard, swept the flour bin and gathered about two handfuls of flour.

Замесила тесто на сметане, изжарила в масле и положила колобок на окошечко остудить.
Колобок полежал-полежал, да вдруг и покатился- с окна на лавку, с лавки на пол, по полу да к дверям.
Перепрыгнул через порог в сени, из сеней- на крыльцо, с крыльца - на двор, со двора- за ворота, дальше и дальше.

She mixed the dough with sour cream, fried it in butter, and put the bun on the window sill to cool. The bun lay and lay there. Suddenly it rolled off the window sill to the bench, from the bench to the floor, from the floor to the door. Then it rolled over the threshold to the entrance hall, from the entrance hall to the porch, from the porch to the courtyard, from the courtyard trough the gate and on and on.

Катится колобок по дороге, а навстречу ему заяц:
-Колобок, колобок! Я тебя съем!
-Не ешь меня, косой зайчик! Я тебе песенку спою, -сказал колобок и запел:
Я по коробу скребен,
По сусеку метен,
На сметане мешон,
Да в масле жарен,
На окошке стужoн;
Я от дедушки ушел,
Я от бабушки ушел,
А от тебя, зайца, не хитро уйти!
И покатился себе дальше; только заяц его и видел!

The bun rolled along the road and met a hare.
"Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up!" said the hare. "Don't eat me, slant-eyed hare! I will sing you a song," said the bun, and sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
And I'll get away from you, hare!
And the bun rolled away before the hare even saw it move!

Катится колобок, а навстречу ему волк:
Колобок, колобок! Я тебя съем!
-Не ешь меня, серый волк! Я тебе песенку спою! И колобок запел:
Я по коробу скребен,
По сусеку метен,
На сметане мешон,
Да в масле жарен,
На окошке стужoн;
Я от дедушки ушел,
Я от бабушки ушел,
Я от зайца ушел,
А от тебя, волка, не хитро уйти!
И покатился себе дальше; только волк его и видел!

The bun rolled on and met
a wolf.
"Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up," said the wolf.
"Don't eat me, gray wolf!" said the bun. "I will sing you a song." And the bun sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
I got away from the hare,
And I'll get away from you, gray wolf!
And the bun rolled away before the wolf even saw it move!

Катится колобок, а навстречу ему медведь:
Колобок, колобок! Я тебя съем!
-Где тебе ,косолапому, съесть меня!
И колобок запел:
Я по коробу скребен,
По сусеку метен,
На сметане мешон,
Да в масле жарен,
На окошке стужoн;
Я от дедушки ушел,
Я от бабушки ушел,
Я от зайца ушел,
Я от волка ушел,
А от тебя, медведь, не хитро уйти!
И опять покатился, только медведь его и видел!

The bun rolled on and met
a bear.
"Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up," the bear said.
"You will not, pigeon toes!"
And the bun sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
I got away from the hare,
I got away from the wolf,
And I'll get away from you, big bear!
And again the bun rolled away before the bear even saw it move!

Катится колобок, а навстречу ему лиса:
Здравствуй, колобок! Какой ты хорошенький!
А колобок запел:
Я по коробу скребен,
По сусеку метен,
На сметане мешон,
Да в масле жарен,
На окошке стужoн;
Я от дедушки ушел,
Я от бабушки ушел,
Я от зайца ушел,
Я от волка ушел,
От медведя ушел,
А от тебя, лиса, и подавно уйду!

The bun rolled and rolled and met
a fox.
"Hello, little bun, how nice yor are!" said the fox.
And the bun sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma,
I got away from the hare,
I got away from the wolf,
I got away from bear,
And I'll get away from you, old fox!

Какая славная песенка!- сказала лиса. -Но ведь я, колобок, стара стала, плохо слышу. Сядь-ка на мою мордочку, да пропой еще разок погромче.
Колобок вскочил лисе на мордочку и запел ту же песню.
Спасибо, колобок! Славная песенка, еще бы послушала! Сядь-ка на мой язычок, да пропой еще разок,- сказала лиса и высунула свой язык.
Колобок сдуру прыг ей на язык, а лиса: "Ам!", и съела его.

"What a wonderful song!" said the fox. "But little bun, I have became old now and hard of hearing. Come sit on my snout and sing your song again a little louder."
The bun jumped up on the fox's snout and sang the same song.
"Thank you, little bun, that was a wonderful song. I'd like to hear it again. Come sit on my tongue and sing it for the last time," said the fox, sticking out her tongue.
The bun foolishly jumped onto her tongue and- snatch!- she ate it.

Репка

The Turnip

Вверх

Посадил дед репку. Выросла репка большая-пребольшая. Пошел дед рвать репку: тянет-потянет, вытянуть не может! Позвал дед бабку.
Бабка за дедку,
Дедка за репку-
тянут-потянут, вытянуть не могут! Пришла внучка.
Внучка за бабку,
Бабка за дедку,
Дедка за репку-
тянут-потянут, вытянуть не могут!

Grandpa planted a turnip. The turnip grew bigger and bigger. Grandpa came to pick the turnip, pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! Grandpa called Grandma.
Grandma pulled Grandpa,
Grandpa pulled the turnip.
They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! Granddaughter came.
Granddaughter pulled Grandma,
Grandma pulled Grandpa,
Grandpa pulled the turnip.
They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up!

Пришла собачка.
Собачка за внучку,
Внучка за бабку,
Бабка за дедку,
Дедка за репку-
тянут-потянут, вытянуть не могут!
Пришла кошка.
Кошка за собачку,
Собачка за внучку,
Внучка за бабку,
Бабка за дедку,
Дедка за репку-
тянут-потянут, вытянуть не могут!

The doggy came.
Doggy pulled Granddaughter,
Granddaughter pulled Grandma,
Grandma pulled Grandpa,
Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up!
A kitty came.
Kitty pulled doggy,
Doggy pulled Granddaughter,
Granddaughter pulled Grandma,
Grandma pulled Grandpa,
Grandpa pulled the turnip.
They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up!

Пришла мышка.
Мышка за кошку,
Кошка за собачку,
Собачка за внучку,
Внучка за бабку,
Бабка за дедку,
Дедка за репку-
тянут-потянут - вытянули репку!

A mouse came.
The mouse pulled kitty,
Kitty pulled doggy,
Doggy pulled Granddaughter,
Granddaughter pulled Grandma,
Grandma pulled Grandpa,
Grandpa pulled the turnip.
They pulled and pulled and pulled the turnip up!

Лиса и журавль

The fox and the crane

Вверх

Подружилась лиса с журавлем. Вот вздумала однажды лиса угостить журавля и пошла звать его к себе в гости.
-Приходи куманек! Приходи, дорогой! Уж я как тебя угощу!
Идет журавль на званый пир. А лиса наварила манной каши и размазала ее по тарелке. Подала и потчует.
-Покушай, мой голубчик-куманек! Сама стряпала.

The fox made friends with the crane. The fox once had a notion to treat the crane to dinner and went to invite him to her house.
"Come godfather! Come dear! How I'll entertain you!"
The crain went to the dinner party. The fox had cooked farina cereal and spread it over a plate. She served it and urged.
"Eat, my friend-godfather, I cooked it myself.
"

Журавль хлоп-хлоп носом, стучал, стучал, ничего не попадает. А лисица в это время лижет себе да лижет кашу, так всю сама и съела.
Каша съедена; лисица говорит:
-Не обессудь, любезный кум. Больше потчевать нечем.
-Спасибо, кума, и на этом. Приходи ко мне в гости.
На другой день приходит лиса, а журавль приготовил окрошку.

The crane went peck-peck with his bill, knocked and knocked, but got nothing. Meanwhile, the fox licked and licked the cereal until she had eaten it all.
The cereal eaten, the fox said,
"Don't be offended dear godfather. There is nothing more to offer you."
"Thank you, godmother for that. Come to visit me."
The next day the fox went, and
the crane made cold soup.

Налил в кувшин с узким горлышком, поставил на стол и говорит:
-Кушай, кумушка. Право, больше потчевать нечем.
Лиса начала вертеться вокруг кувшина. Так зайдет и этак, и лизнет его, и понюхает, все ничего не достанет. Не лезет голова в кувшин.
А журавль меж тем клюет себе да клюет, пока все не поел.

He poured it into a pitcher with a narrow neck and put it on the table. He said,
"Eat godmother. Truly, there's nothing more offer you."
The fox began to spin around the pitcher. She approached it one way, then another. She licked it and sniffed it, but couldn't get anything. Her head wouldn't fit into the pitcher.
Mean-while the crane sucked and sucked until he had eaten everything up.

-Ну, не обессудь, кума. Больше угощать нечем.
Взяла лису досада, думала, что наестся на целую неделю. Пришла лиса домой несолоно хлебавши.
Как аукнулось, так и откликнулось! С тех пор и дружба у лисы с журавлем врозь.

"Don't be offended godmother. There's nothing more to offer you."
The fox was annoyed, having thought she would eat for the whole week. She went home having gotten nothing.
It was tit for tat! From that moment on, the friendship between fox and crane was over.

Вверх

 

pictures by Gosia Kmiec, text by Karolina Nowak

Bishop Gamrat

How Greed was Punished

There was once an old bishop called Gamrat, known for his wine cellar, in which the best wines of the world could be found. When Gamrat felt death was close, he called his most trusted servants and asked them a favour. He wanted them to take two barrels of the very best wine and deliver it to the nearby monastery.

However, the servants did not do as their master commanded. They took the best wine for themselves and chose some of much lower quality for the gift for the monastary.

They never gave their bad deed another thought until one day, as they were sitting in the chamber drinking happily the best wine, they heard strange knocking on the door. They opened, but there was no one there. After a few minutes the situation repeated. This time they got really scared. When they heard the knocking for the third time, they were almost dead of fear. The door opened and they saw Gamrat, dressed in his bishop’s robes. He approached the table, hit it with his fist and said accusingly: “You did not fulfill the dying man’s last request. You will get what you deserve.” With these words he disappeared.

The next morning brought some interesting news from the monastery: somehow, during the night, some barrels with the world’s best wine had appeared near its walls. No one knew how that was possible. The servants could have explained it, but they were not left to live.

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Pictures by:  1. Ania Jablonska  2. Malgosia Kmiec

How Princess Wanda 

Saved Cracow

There was once a good, old king Krak who ruled the city of Cracow and the lands around it. He was very popular among his subjects, as a man of honour and kind, loving heart. His wife had long been dead and he had no son who would take the throne after his death, but he had a beautiful and brave daughter called Wanda. She was in love with a young prince, who ruled the lands close to the Baltic Sea. Even though they were often separated by the long miles of thick forests, the two happy people did not despair and kept making plans for the future together.

Unfortunately, the time finally came when the old king died. The nobles of Cracow started thinking how to ensure the safety and stability of the land. They thought that the best way would be to marry the princess off to some brave knight who could protect the land and its people. They sent their messengers to all neighbouring kingdoms and soon a mighty knight from a fighters’ tribe, very hostile towards Wanda’s nation, came to the Cracow castle and demanded Wanda’s hand in marriage. Wanda, scared of the knight’s brutality, refused, especially that she was still hopeful to hear from her seaside prince.

The knight, however, was not so easily discouraged. “I will now go back to my land”, he said, “but I will be back soon, with my numerous, well trained and well armed hosts. If you do not agree to have me as your husband, we will destroy your country with swords and fire and slay all your subjects. The choice is yours.” With these words, the knight left.

Poor Wanda had never felt so lonely and helpless in her life before. Her prince gave no sign of life and day by day people came to her castle, begging her to marry the cruel knight and save her land. She knew, however, that under such a rule, her people would never again feel safe and free.

Finally, the day came when the knight and his army were approaching Cracow. Wanda knew that her prince would not come in time to protect her and her land. She knew she had to save her people without anybody’s help.

She put on her most beautiful dress and picked up some flowers. She went to the top of the Wawel Hill and looked around to admire her lands for the last time. “If I cannot marry the man my heart has chosen then I shall marry no one,” she said with a sad smile. “And I will never give anyone a reason to attack my country and hurt my people. If this is my destiny, let it be so.” With these words she plunged down the cliff, straight to the Wisla River.

Many miles away from the city her body was found drifting along the river. People mourned her for long months and the legend says that she looked so sweet, peaceful and pretty in her death as if she had only been asleep.

 

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The Three Brothers

The beginnings of Poland

Once upon a time, over a thousand years ago, when the area of today’s Poland was covered with thick and wild forests, there lived three brothers. Their names were Lech, Czech and Rus.

One day they decided to leave their parents and village and, accompanied by their servants and warriors, look for a new place to settle down and start a new life.

For many days they wandered together, but finally understood that they could never find a piece of land that would please all three of them. They decided to choose separate paths. Czech took the path leading to the south, Rus – to the east and Lech went westwards.

Lech and his people made their way through the forests and they observed that with each day the landscapes became more and more beautiful. Finally, after many days, they came to an exceptionally charming spot. As it was getting late, he ordered the camp to be put up for the night around a huge oak tree. Suddenly, the sun started to set and covered the sky with its red flames and some strange noise could be heard, as if of the huge wings breaking the forest’s silence. The warriors raised their heads and saw a huge, white eagle approaching its nest in the oak tree.

Lech understood that the place was not only beautiful, but also abundant in goods of all kinds and very safe. He thrust his sword in the ground under the oak tree and said: “Here I will build my kingdom and around this magnificent oak tree its capital will appear. Because the eagle’s nest is in the oak’s branches, the city will be called Gniezno (“gniazdo” is a Polish word for “nest”) and the symbol of our country will be the white eagle in the red sky.”

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The story about Persefony (Persephone)

submitted by Jenny, Greece

 

A long years ago people couldn’t explain how and why seasons change. So they found a fantastic story. In these years there was a beautiful girl called Persefony. She liked Nature, flowers and trees and she was very pretty.

The God of Death, Athis, saw her and he wanted her to be his wife. So one day as she was picking flowers he caught her and he took her with him.

Persefony’s mother was Dimitra (Ceres) and she was Godess of Nature. When Dimitra lost her daughter nobody told her what had happened except for the Sun, the God who sees everything. When she learned what had happened she found and talked to Athis.

They both loved her very much so they decided that Persefony would stay with Athis only for four months and then she could return to her mother.

So when Persefony was with Athis she was crying. But Nature and her mother were unhappy, so it was raining and cold. When she went to her mother, her mother was happy and the nature was sunny and it wasn’t raining the weather was good. When Dimitra was happy it was spring, summer and autumn and when she was sad it was winter

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Laura Kozik – International Club “Phileas”

 THE MAN WHO COMFORTED THE HEARTS

      

                                                                On 5th May 1846, in the times when Poland did not exist in the maps of Europe, having been partitioned by the three neighbouring kingdoms (Russia, Prussia and Austria) at the end of the eighteenth century, a boy was born in a village of Wola Okrzejska in the eastern part of the country. His parents called him Henryk.

Not much is known about his early childhood, except for the fact that he read a lot and that the books he read had a great influence on his dreams, plans and way of thinking. As a young boy he dreamed about becoming a famous soldier, a knight rescuing his bride from a cruel enemy, a traveller experiencing unbelievable adventures.

When he was a teenager, his parents sent him to school to the capital, Warsaw. His school reports indicate that he had clear interests: he always scored the highest marks in Polish and history. Other marks varied. His school essays and compositions won admiration of all his teachers. It was already then that he started writing his very first pieces, originally read only by his closest friends.

Even though his interest in literature, history and writing was obvious, he yielded to his parents’ will and after graduating from secondary school started studying medicine. Luckily, after a year his own inclinations made him change the department at university into philology and history.

He was not an outstanding student – his poor health didn’t let him participate in many lectures and he did not take active part in students’ life either. Because of financial problems he had to support himself giving private lessons and often took exams unprepared. But he didn’t waste his time. He kept reading, writing and sending his works to magazines, not discouraged by their refusals to publish them.

His first work that was finally published in April 1869 was a review. After that date he managed to publish more and more pieces leading him eventually to taking up a career of a journalist. As a reporter he concentrated his early works on the problems of the contemporary society, which was a popular trend in literature at that time.

 Such were the beginnings of one of the most famous and successful careers in Polish literature. Henryk Sienkiewicz fulfilled many dreams of his adolescence: he became famous, he travelled widely across Europe, Africa and America, and in the characters of his heroes he experienced the most fantastic and romantic adventures.

Sienkiewicz was always faithful to his interest in social problems. One big group of his works are stories, short stories and novels concerned with the contemporary world. Nowadays we read them mainly to find out about the nineteenth century reality, but few people really get fascinated by them.

His reports from world travels are much more interesting. But Polish people have always loved him mostly for his outstanding historical novels. As he said, he wrote them “to comfort the hearts”. Poland did not exist as a state, Polish people were waiting to regain independence (which didn’t happen before 1918) and Sienkiewicz’s novels gave them hope and strength. In these novels he reminded his compatriots of the times when Poland was a powerful kingdom and showed how it defeated its enemies.

The most famous works in this category are “Krzyżacy” – “The Teutonic Knights”, whose plot leads the readers straight to the victorious medieval battle of Grunwald in 1410, and also the so-called “Trilogy”. Its first part, “Ogniem i mieczem” – “With Fire and Sword”, is set during the wars with the Ukraine in the 17th century, the second, “Potop” – “The Flood”, during the Swedish invasion 1655 – 1660, and the last, “Pan Wolodyjowski” – “Mr. Wolodyjowski”, during the wars against Turkey with the 1673 victory at Vienna in the background.

The huge influence the novels had on their readers can be illustrated by one anecdote. The novels weren’t originally published in a book form, they appeared periodically, chapter by chapter, in magazines. Once Sienkiewicz let one of the main characters die in a fight. People immediately started flooding the editorial office with letters of protest. As a result, he had to alter the whole chapter and leave the hero alive.

These novels were not only popular in the 19th century. Any time Poland was in danger people reached for them to remember that they must not abandon hope and to comfort their hearts. During World War II many members of the underground army chose the names of the Sienkiewicz’s characters as their conspiracy pseudonyms.

After the war most historical novels were filmed and now many people enjoy both the books and their screen versions. Their popularity bases not only on the fact that they show great victories. They are also full of humour, present a variety of vivid characters and usually offer some romantic motifs as well as the political, historical and military plot.

However, it was not the novel dealing with the Polish history that made Sienkiewicz famous throughout the world. In 1896 he published his most outstanding work - the novel "Quo Vadis", set in the Ancient Rome during the reign of Nero. It is an epic picture of the birth of Christianity and shows in a fabulous way the realities of those times, persecutions of the first Christians and the dramatic story of a great love between a young Christian girl and a Roman soldier. 

A feast at Petronius's, the main character's best friend

 

The novel was translated into numerous languages and brought Sienkiewicz the Nobel Prize in 1905. It was also many times translated into the language of the film, e.g. by the Italian, American and Polish cinematography.           

Although Sienkiewicz did not generally write for children, he did create one of the most famous and best known novels for the young readers: “W pustyni i w puszczy” – “In Desert and Wilderness”. It tells the story of two children, a 14-year-old boy called Stas and his 8-year-old friend Nel, who lived with their fathers – engineers in Port Said in Egypt in the times of the Mahdi insurrection.

The story begins when the children were kidnapped from their fathers and kept as hostages. They managed to escape and experienced many adventures trying to survive in Africa and find their way home. They were accompanied by a black boy and girl, Kali and Mea, who had been kept as slaves by the very same people who had kidnapped our heroes. Together they travel across the continent, look for food and shelter, learn to avoid danger and gradually build fantastic, strong friendship.

Stas from the first screen adaptation of the book.

Stas, Nel and Mea on an African plain.

In Poland the book was filmed twice – in the seventies for the first time, and last year for the second. Last years release of the film was the biggest cultural event of the year for children of all ages!

Everybody will find something interesting in the novel: adventure lovers will have a lot of them in the whole story, nature lovers will admire descriptions of Africa, of its wildlife and inhabitants, history fanatics will be intrigued by the political background of the events. And everyone will love the main characters and observe with fascination their struggle to come back home.

Nel and King, the elepant the children saved from death of starvation.

If you have a chance to read any work by Sienkiewicz in your own language, let us know about it! We would be delighted to know your opinion!

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The Legend of Sumgayit

City Takes Its Name from a Legend of Love

A city doesn't have to be ancient to be associated with a legend. In Azerbaijan, even comparatively new towns and settlements are named after old stories and legends. Sumgayit, located about 30 miles away from Baku on the northern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, is the third largest city in Azerbaijan (after Baku and Ganja). It was built 50 years ago and has an estimated population of 300,000. The city's name refers to the legend of two lovers who lived by a nearby river. The story's setting takes place on the banks of the river near which a tribal group had settled. Central to so many stories throughout the world is a love story and so it is with this legend. A young man named Sum and a young woman named Jeyran fell deeply in love with each other. Their tribe was doing quite well, getting most of their food by fishing in the river. However, one morning the people were horrified to see that the river had completely dried up. Since the river had its source high up in the mountains, the tribesmen decided to send the strongest and most courageous man to go up and see what had happened. And so it was that Sum was chosen for this dangerous mission.Sum climbed and climbed until he reached the top of the highest mountain. Then he discovered what the problem was. A terrible monster had dammed up the river with a huge boulder. A fierce battle ensued and eventually Sum managed to overcome the beast and strangle it to death. Then he went over to the boulder and pushed it out of the way, but the force of the water swallowed him up and his body was swept downstream. As the water carried him away, only his hand could be seen sticking up above the surface of the water. That's why this mountain where Sum carried out his heroic deed is called "Beshbarmag" Mountain, which means "Five Fingers." Its five tall peaks look like the hero's fingers. But the river began flowing again and everything returned to normal. The tribe was saved. Everyone was happy again except, of course, for Jeyran. She missed Sum terribly. Every day she would go down to the river and call for her beloved to return. In Azeri, her cry sounded like, "Sum Gayid!" (Sum, Come back). And that's how the river that Sum saved came to be called, "Sumgayit Chay" ("chay," meaning river). And the city that was built there shortly after WWII was named Sumgayit. It became Azerbaijan's largest chemical and industrial center.

Jeyran-Batan

But that's not the end of the story. When Jeyran realized that Sum would never come back, she started to cry and eventually she, too, died, drowning in her own tears. The place where this is supposed to have happened is called Jeyran-Batan, which in Azeri means, "The place where Jeyran drowned." Today, there is a reservoir there which supplies the city of Baku with water. This reservoir was created about the same time that the city of Sumgayit was built. So the names of both places can be traced to olden times and are bound up with the same legend.

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Daedalus and Icaros: the first men in the sky

 (Submitted by Christos: Patra, Greece)

King Minoas wanted to build a unique building. He called a famous architect, Daedalus. Daedalus was a big inventor, too. He went to Crete and he built a labyrinth.

The king was afraid in case Daedalus built the same building somewhere else. So Minoas put in prison Daedalus and his son, Icaros.

Daedalus wanted to leave the island, so he made feathers for him and his son from wax, and they flew away from the island. But Icaros was so happy to fly that he went near the sun and the feathers melted and he fell into the sea near an island.

The island with his grave is now called Icaria and the sea Icarian sea. 

 

A Wild Animal In the Dark: ‘Minotavros’

 (Submitted by Christos: Patra, Greece)

 

King Minoas of Crete had a son, Androgeos. He was the winner of a fight in Athens. Instead of giving him the prize they killed him. When Minoas heard about it, he took a big army and he looted Athens. The looting lasted long and the inhabitants died from the hunger. After that, all together they decided to do peace.

But to have peace, the people in Athens had to send 7 boys and 7 girls to Crete every year to be eaten by Minotavros. Minotavros was a monster with human body and bull head.

The great hero Thiseas, the son of Athens King Aigeas, went to Crete to kill this monster. He told to his father if he win, he will return with a white cloth on his ship, differently he will return with a black cloth. Ariathny, the daughter of King Minoas was feeling sympathy to Thiseas and she helped him. She gave him a knife and a ball of wool. Thiseas killed the monster in the labyrinth and with the wool he got out. He went away with Ariathny. But God Dionysos took Ariathny. Thiseas was sad and he forgot to put on the white cloth and when his father saw the black cloth he was feeling disappointed and he fell into the sea and drowned. That is why the sea is called the Aigean sea.

 

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The Dragon of Cracow (Smok Wawelski)

A very popular legend in Poland!

By Dominika Sz., Ada P. and Marlena P.

 Once upon a time there lived a good king in a castle upon the Wawel hill in the place where today we can see the royal castle in Cracow. All the people in his country loved him, because he was just and honest and knew very well how to rule his people.  

     One day terrible news shocked the whole land. An enormous dragon appeared out of nowhere and settled down in a huge cave just under the king’s castle. Since the day he appeared in Cracow terrible things started to happen in the neighborhood. He needed big amounts of food every day, so he often attacked farms and stole cattle, sheep or chickens. But that was not enough for him. After a while he ordered the people of Cracow to bring him every morning one beautiful, young girl so that he could eat her for breakfast. Otherwise – as he said – he would use the fire from his stomach to destroy the whole city. What could the people do? They had to agree. Poor king was crying day and night seeing the terrible misery of his people.

    Finally he came up with an idea. He sent his servants to all corners of the world with a message that the daredevil who would have enough courage to come and kill the monster would as a reward receive half of the kingdom and the king’s beautiful daughter as a wife.

       Both the kingdom and the princess attracted a great variety of brave young men: soldiers, knights, princes were coming form different far-off lands. Unfortunately, the dragon was stronger and killed them all without the slightest difficulty. The saddest moment came when one day the monster demanded the princes for his next morning meal.

 


And just than a very strange person appeared in the castle – it was neither a soldier nor a noble, but an ordinary shoemaker, a young boy called Dratewka, who lived and worked in Cracow. Nobody believed him when he said he could kill the dragon, but the king was so much in despair that he let him try.

        The boy took the skin of one dead sheep and stuffed it with sulfur. Next he stitched it very carefully and added four sticks that looked like legs. After it had been done he took the ‘sheep’ to the cave and placed it right in front of the entrance. When the dragon woke up in the morning he saw the animal as if waiting for him. He was expecting the princess, but he thought he could have that sheep as a starter. Without hesitation he swallowed the dish. A few moments passed and suddenly something strange started to happen inside his stomach. He felt extremely thirsty so he rushed to the nearby river and started to drink. He was drinking and drinking and drinking but nothing could satisfy his thirst. He drank almost all water from the river and then – with a huge ‘boom’ he popped like a balloon! The noise could be heard in all corners of the kingdom.  

         The king was very happy. He immediately gave half of his kingdom to the shoemaker and the princess was also delighted to marry her hero. After old king’s death the shoemaker was crowned and ruled long and happily.

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The Legend of Shimabara`s Earthquakes

by Reina



About 250 years ago a very compassionate, kind and loving doctor lived in Kata village, ( kata means
north) on the side of the mountain. One day he came across children that were bullying a big white snake. He chased the children away and took care of the snake until its wounds healed. A few days later a woman traveling through stopped at the doctors house. They fell in love and married. Soon the had a cute baby. They lived very happily together.
One day the doctor returned home from work early, he opened the door and found the big white snake lovingly hugging his baby. The snake was surprised and instantly transformed into the doctors wife. She said with tears in her eyes,"Now that you have seen me in my true form, I must leave.   We can not live together anymore."  Before she left she gave a magic ball to the child. "Whenever you are lonely or sad, play with the ball and it will stop your tears."  The child played with it everyday and didn't cry for his  beautiful mother. One day a tax collector came to the house, saw the magic ball and took it for himself. The child began to cry inconsolably.

The doctor found the snake and told her the ball had been stolen. The snake was very sad, but gave another ball to the doctor. For a time the child played with the new ball and was happy, but soon a government official came to the house and again stole the precious ball.
When the snake wife heard that the second ball had been stolen she was very angry. She told her husband, "To tell you the truth the balls were my eyes, now I have given both of my eyes there are no more to give."  She shook with anger, and as she shook so did the mountain. A violent earthquake shook the mountain and a volcano erupted. Ash and huge rocks shot out of the volcano and covered the town. A giant tsunami came from the sea and drowned many who survived the ash and rocks. But the kind doctor's house was safe.  He and his child lived to care for the other survivors and to rebuild their town.

P.S. In 1792 the volcano erupted. The earthquake, tsunami (tidal wave) and volcano killed 15,000 people.
In 1990 the volcano erupted again, this time destroying more than 300 homes and killing 40 people. The ash covered the town for more than five years.  The people of Shimabara are still rebuilding their town.

POLAND - submitted by  Dominika S., Ada P.  and Marlena P.


THE LEGEND OF SAINT KINGA

 In the 13th century a young Polish prince, called Bolesław, of the Piast Dynasty, decided to get married and for his wife chose a beautiful Hungarian princess of the Arpad Dynasty, the daughter of king Bela IV, Kinga (or Kunegund, as she is sometimes called).

When Bolesław’s proposal was accepted, the loving father asked Kinga what she would like to get from him as a wedding present, what she would like to take to her husband and the new country.  Kinga replied that she wanted no gold and jewels, since they only brought unhappiness and tears. She wanted something that could serve the people she was going to live with. Her request surprised the king greatly – she asked for salt.

The king was determined to keep his promise. He offered Kinga the biggest and most prosperous salt deposits in Hungary – the Marmaros salt mine. However, nobody knew what Kinga could do with the treasure.

On her way to Poland the princess visited the mine. She kneeled to pray next to the entrance and – to everyone’s surprise – suddenly threw her engagement ring inside. She gathered a group of the best Hungarian salt miners and told them to follow her.

When the party arrived in Poland and was approaching Kraków, Kinga stopped and asked the miners to look for salt. They started digging and suddenly hit something very hard. It was a lump of salt. When they broke it, everyone saw what was hidden inside – Kinga’s engagement ring!

That is how the Hungarian princess brought salt to our country.

 Right now in Wieliczka there is the most famous salt mine museum. Here is the link to the mine’s homepage: http://www.kopalnia-wieliczka.pl/english/

      To commemorate the princess, 101 metres under the ground, down in the mine there is the world’s biggest underground chapel, dedicated to Saint Kinga.

 In this picture you can see the salt sculptures from the mine showing the moment when the miners give Kinga the ring found in the salt lump.

Photo credit:  http://www.kopalnia-wieliczka.pl/english/galeria.htm

 

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